Process of producing compound metal bodies.



J. F. MONNOT.

PROCESS OF PRODUCING UOMPOUND METAL BODIES.

APPLICATION IILBID JULY13, 1908.

W1, 1 85 Patented Sept; 27, 1910.

L I I 4 5 &

Inventor:

UNTTED erases raannr series.

JOHN IE. MONNOT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 MONNOT METALLURGICAL COM- PANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PROCESS OF PRODUCING COMPOUND METAL BODIES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed July 13, 1908.

Patented Sept. 27, 1910. Serial No. 443,299.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN F. Moxxo'r, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Processes of Producing Compound Metal Bodies, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to processes of producing compound metal bodies composed of weld united bodies of the same or like metals, or different grades of the same metal, for example, high carbon and low carbon steel.

The invention consists in casting a mass of molten metal into a mold containing a layer of Wiping material, according to the process described in my application Sr. No. 391,674, into contact with a surface of -meta-l to which the metal so cast is to be united. The molten wiping material, which may form a layer in the bottom of the mold, keeps the surfaces of the solid body or bodies with which the molten metal con tacts, in a clean condition, so that the molten metal contacts with an absolute metallic surface of such solid body or bodies, and the wiping material also progressively removes,

as it is displaced upward by the infiowing' molten metal, any oxid or like impurity on the .surface of such solid body or bodies. The molten wiping material also removes from the molten metal passing therethrough any oxid impurities and the like and entrained and occluded gases, and insures a good quality of cast metal.

The process above described is particularly applicable for producing compound steel plates such as used, for example, in the construction ofsafes and vaults, also for producing compound armor plate, and in fact all objects to be composed of the same or like metals and which may be readily made by casting molten metal against the surface of a body of. solid metal.

In the accompanyingdrawing I illustrate the method of forming five-ply safe or vault plates according to my inventiomsaid drawing showing an ingot mold with pl'atesof soft steel therein adaptedto have harder or high carbon steel cast around it;

.In said drawings: Figure 1 shows a top view of the ingot mold and F ig'.-2 a central vertical section thereof, and of a refractory cover for the mold employed to preserve for,

a time a body of moltenmetalfwhich will fill any pipes or the like which may form in the main portion of the ingot during solidification thereof. V

In the drawings, 1 designates the ingot mold, 2 the said cover of refractory material, 3, 3 low carbon steel plates set into the ingot mold and held therein by suitable spacing pieces 4, and 5 a deep bed of molten wiping ,material within the mold and through which the molten metal must pass to reach the bottom of the mold. I have shown an ingot mold adapted for top pouring for the reason that, when molten wiping material is used as described, it is no longer necessary to pour the mold from the bottom as in ordinary steel practice, and so the usual pouring tables, open bottom ingot molds, and risers, are no longer necessary. However, my invention is equally applicable when the molten metal is to be introduced into the molds from below asin ordinary steel practice, in which case a deep bed of molten wiping material will be contained within the ordinary riser, molten metal passing down through this wiping material into the ducts of the pouring table leading to the several ingot molds on said table; and there will be a further bed of wiping material in each of the ingot molds to clean the surfaces of the plate or plates therein progressively as it rises before the infiowing metal. The wiping material may be placed in the ingot molds (or in the riser if the molds are to be poured from below as previously described) either in a molten condition or in a solid condition, as if placed in the mold or riser, solid, the heat of the first portion of the molten metal will melt the wiping material.

In carrying out the process, the mold having been prepared as described, molten metal is introduced into the mold from above or below as preferred, such molten metal either passing through the layer of molten wiping material in the mold or the similar layer in the riser (when the mold is poured from below) and being thereby freed from oxid impurities and entrained and occluded gases etc. ln'either case the molten metal progressively raises the layer. of molten wiping material in the mold, and such wiping material preferably contains oxiddissolv1ng ingredients so that as it rises it progressively dissolves from the steel plates 3, any oxid or like impurity on the surface of such plates which might interfere with a perfect weld.

' Absolute metallic contact between the solid and cast metal is thereby obtained, thus insuring a weld union.

The molten metal is usually introduced into the mold in such quantities that it will fill the mold and a portion of the interior of the cover 2; and owing to the refractory material of which this cover is composed and to the fact that the surface of the metal is covered by a layer of molten wiping material, cooling of the metal in this cover will take place relatively slowly, so that it remains liquid sufliciently to fill in any spaces in the main body of the ingot which may tend to form as a. result of contraction of the solidifying and cooling metal below. The lluid pressure due to this additional height of molten metal also helps to insure a good quality of the ingot.

In the forming of compound ingots of high carbon and low carbon steel, it is customary and preferable to place the low carbon steel bodies or plates in the mold solid and to cast the high carbon steel against or around them,as the melting point of the low carbon steel is so much higher than that of the high carbon steel that if a high carbon plate were placed in the mold and the low carbon steel cast around it, the high carbon steel would be melted and caused to mingle with the still molten low carbon steel. When desired, the low carbon steel plates may be heated initially to such temperature as is desired before being placed in the mold.

The process herein described is also suit able for the uniting of like metals such as iron and nickel and iron and cobalt which weld readily when united under conditions precluding oxidation.

A suitable wiping material for this process is a mixture of borax and sodium silicate or potassium silicate. Various mixtures may be used of different melting points and containing various ingredients which are well known to have the power of dissolving oxids. Or, if preferred, the Wiping material used may have only enough oxid-dissolving power to cleanse themmolten metal flowing through it of oXid, and the plates within the ingot mold may be completely submerged initially in wiping material and thereby protected from oxidation.

What I claim is 1. The process of producing compound metal ingots which comprises placing a metal article within a suitable mold and there contacting with it a deep layer of molten wiping material, and flowing molten metal down through said deep layer of molten wiping material into said mold and causing the molten metal to displace molten wiping material in such manner as to cause it to contact progressively with fresh surfaces of said article.

2. The processof producing compound wiping material in such manner as to cause it to progressively contact with and cleanse fresh surfaces of said article.

8. The process of producing compound metal ingots which consists in' placing a metal article in a suitable mold and there contacting with it a deep layer of molten wiping material, and flowing molten metal down through *such wiping material into said mold and causing such molten metal to displace the molten wiping material and to contact progressively with fresh surfaces of said article.

'4. The process of producing compound metal ingots which consists in placing a metal article in a suitable mold and there contacting with it a deep layer of molten wiping material having solvent power for oxid, and flowing molten metal down through such wiping material into said mold and causing such molten metal to displace the molten wiping material and to contact with a surface of said object, the molten wiping material so displaced progressively cleansing the surface of said article.

5. The process of producing compound metal ingots which comprises contacting a deep layer of molten oXid-dissolving material with a solid body of metal contained within a suitable mold, flowing a body of molten like metal into said mold and causing it to displace upward progressively the said oXid-dissolving material and so to contact with said solid body of metal and progressively cleaning the surface of such solid metal by the action of said body of molten oxid-dissolving material as the same is raised progressively by the molten metal.

6. The process of producing compound metal ingots which consists in contacting with a portion of the surface of a solid metallic body, a molten wiping material containing an oxid-dissolving constituent, and progressively displacing such molten wlping material by molten metal flowing down through a deep layer of it and against the surface of said solid body and so causing such wiping material to contact progressively with new portions of the surface of such solid body.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature, 125

in the presence of two witnesses.

JOHN F. MONNOT.

Witnesses:

H. M. MARBLE, FRANK E. RAFFMAN. 

